聚合函数经常需要一个额外的GROUP BY语句。
在GROUP BY语句
在GROUP BY语句与合计函数组的结果集由一个或多个列一起使用。
SQL GROUP BY语法
SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name;
演示数据库
在本教程中,我们将使用众所周知的Northwind示例数据库。
下面是从选择"Orders"表:
订单ID | 客户ID | 员工ID | 订购日期 | ShipperID |
---|---|---|---|---|
10248 | 90 | 5 | 1996-07-04 | 3 |
10249 | 81 | 6 | 1996-07-05 | 1 |
10250 | 34 | 4 | 1996-07-08 | 2 |
而从选择"Shippers"表:
ShipperID | ShipperName | 电话 |
---|---|---|
1 | Speedy Express | (503) 555-9831 |
2 | United Package | (503) 555-3199 |
3 | Federal Shipping | (503) 555-9931 |
而从选择"Employees"表:
员工ID | 姓 | 名字 | 生日 | 照片 | 笔记 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Davolio | Nancy | 1968-12-08 | EmpID1.pic | Education includes a BA.... |
2 | Fuller | Andrew | 1952-02-19 | EmpID2.pic | Andrew received his BTS.... |
3 | Leverling | Janet | 1963-08-30 | EmpID3.pic | Janet has a BS degree.... |
SQL GROUP BY示例
现在,我们要找出每个托运人发出的订单数。
下面的SQL语句算作托运人分组的订单:
例
SELECT Shippers.ShipperName,COUNT(Orders.OrderID) AS NumberOfOrders FROM
Orders
LEFT JOIN Shippers
ON Orders.ShipperID=Shippers.ShipperID
GROUP BY ShipperName;
试一试»
GROUP BY多个列
我们还可以使用GROUP BY语句对多个列,就像这样:
例
SELECT Shippers.ShipperName, Employees.LastName,
COUNT(Orders.OrderID) AS
NumberOfOrders
FROM ((Orders
INNER JOIN Shippers
ON
Orders.ShipperID=Shippers.ShipperID)
INNER JOIN Employees
ON
Orders.EmployeeID=Employees.EmployeeID)
GROUP BY ShipperName,LastName;
试一试»