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SQL GROUP BY语句


聚合函数经常需要一个额外的GROUP BY语句。


在GROUP BY语句

在GROUP BY语句与合计函数组的结果集由一个或多个列一起使用。

SQL GROUP BY语法

SELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name;

演示数据库

在本教程中,我们将使用众所周知的Northwind示例数据库。

下面是从选择"Orders"表:

订单ID 客户ID 员工ID 订购日期 ShipperID
10248 90 5 1996-07-04 3
10249 81 6 1996-07-05 1
10250 34 4 1996-07-08 2

而从选择"Shippers"表:

ShipperID ShipperName 电话
1 Speedy Express (503) 555-9831
2 United Package (503) 555-3199
3 Federal Shipping (503) 555-9931

而从选择"Employees"表:

员工ID 名字 生日 照片 笔记
1 Davolio Nancy 1968-12-08 EmpID1.pic Education includes a BA....
2 Fuller Andrew 1952-02-19 EmpID2.pic Andrew received his BTS....
3 Leverling Janet 1963-08-30 EmpID3.pic Janet has a BS degree....

SQL GROUP BY示例

现在,我们要找出每个托运人发出的订单数。

下面的SQL语句算作托运人分组的订单:

SELECT Shippers.ShipperName,COUNT(Orders.OrderID) AS NumberOfOrders FROM Orders
LEFT JOIN Shippers
ON Orders.ShipperID=Shippers.ShipperID
GROUP BY ShipperName;

试一试»

GROUP BY多个列

我们还可以使用GROUP BY语句对多个列,就像这样:

SELECT Shippers.ShipperName, Employees.LastName,
COUNT(Orders.OrderID) AS NumberOfOrders
FROM ((Orders
INNER JOIN Shippers
ON Orders.ShipperID=Shippers.ShipperID)
INNER JOIN Employees
ON Orders.EmployeeID=Employees.EmployeeID)
GROUP BY ShipperName,LastName;

试一试»